Autogynephilia Library

Prince and Bentler report an anonymous questionnaire survey of 504 male subscribers to a magazine for heterosexual cross-dressers. The study describes demographic, marital, developmental, sexual, dressing, and attitudinal characteristics and correlations among them; many respondents were married, fathers, and self-described heterosexuals. The authors stress the absence of a control group, a roughly 40% response rate, and that magazine subscribers cannot represent all transvestites.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Blanchard administered androphilia and gynephilia scales to 163 male-to-female transsexual patients and used cluster analysis to form heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, and asexual groups. Histories of erotic arousal with cross-dressing were similarly common in the heterosexual, bisexual, and asexual clusters and much less common in the homosexual cluster. He interpreted this pattern as supporting two broader types, while the study depended on questionnaire classification and retrospective reports.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

This study tested the hypothesis that all gender-dysphoric males who are not sexually aroused by men (homosexual) are instead sexually aroused by the thought or image of themselves as women (autogynephilic). Subjects were 212 adult male-to-female transsexuals. These were divided into four groups; one homosexual and three nonhomosexual. The three nonhomosexual groups were heterosexual, bisexual, and analloerotic (unattracted to male or female partners, but not necessarily devoid of all erotic behavior).

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Blanchard reviews clinical observations and his early quantitative studies to define autogynephilia as arousal to the thought or image of oneself as a woman, extending beyond clothing-based transvestism. He distinguishes transvestic, anatomic, behavioral, and physiologic forms and reports that anatomic autogynephilia was associated with transvestism, weaker interpersonal heterosexual attraction, and gender dysphoria. Etiological and pair-bonding explanations are explicitly presented as conjectures for future testing.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

In this study I investigated the relation between normal heterosexual attraction and autogynephilia (a man's propensity to be sexually aroused by the thought or image of himself as a woman). The subjects were 427 adult male outpatients who reported histories of dressing in women's garments, of feeling like women, or both. The data were questionnaire measures of autogynephilia, heterosexual interest, and other psychosexual variables.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Autogynephilia (sexual arousal in men produced by the thought or image of themselves as women) is often associated with gender dysphoria (the desire to belong to the opposite sex). Previous research has shown that autogynephiles who are principally aroused by images of themselves as nude women are more gender dysphoric than those principally aroused by images of themselves as partially or fully dressed women.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Blanchard defines 'partial autogynephilia' as arousal to imagining a mixed-sex body, usually female breasts with male genitals, and illustrates it with four clinical cases. A related analysis of 220 nonhomosexual male patients found that those aroused by female anatomy other than a vulva were less likely to want complete sex reassignment. The paper distinguishes fantasy content, physical status, and feminine mimicry while offering cautious clinical implications.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

The relationship between gender dysphoria and autogynephilia (erotic arousal in men associated with the thought or image of themselves as women) was investigated. Subjects were 238 nonhomosexual male outpatients divided into three groups: 94 reporting they were most aroused sexually by images of themselves as nude women, 67 most aroused by images of themselves as women in underwear, and 77 most aroused by images of themselves as fully clothed women.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

A 55 item questionnaire was developed to assess cross-genderism in adult males. The subjects were a nonclinical sample of 518 self-described heterosexual transvestites, 78 marginal transvestites ("borderline transsexuals"), and 86 transsexuals living full-time as women. Using factor analyses, several hypotheses were tested concerning the factorial structure of cross-genderism. The best solution was a model wherein cross-genderism was seen as consisting of four correlated but independent factors: Cross-gender Identity, Cross-gender Feminization, Cross-gender Social/Sexual Role, and Cross-gender Sexual Arousal.

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The title identifies a study of personality characteristics and sexual functioning in 188 cross-dressing men. Zotero provides bibliographic metadata but no abstract, substantive child note, or retrieved indexed attachment text. The sample source, psychological measures, sexual-function findings, and any subgroup differences therefore could not be verified from the permitted source material.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

An anonymous survey of 1,032 male periodic cross-dressers broadly replicated a 1972 magazine-subscriber study. Eighty-seven percent identified as heterosexual, 60% were currently married, and 45% had sought counselling. Cross-gender identity, plans to live as a woman, steps toward feminization, and lower arousal during cross-dressing best distinguished more transition-inclined respondents. The authors caution that support-group and publication readers are not representative of all cross-dressers.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

This Transgender Tapestry article is titled as an introduction to autogynephilia framed through 'men trapped in men's bodies.' The Zotero record contains bibliographic metadata and a generic import note but no substantive abstract or indexed attachment text. Its explanation of the concept, use of lived experience, and specific conclusions therefore could not be verified from the permitted source material.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

This Transgender Tapestry article is titled as a new introduction to sexuality, transsexuality, and autogynephilia. Zotero provides bibliographic metadata and a generic import note but no abstract or indexed full text. Its account of how sexuality and gender transition are related, and any empirical or clinical claims it makes, therefore could not be verified from the permitted source material.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Using factor analysis, we sought to identify the components of transgenderism. Subjects were 455 transvestites and 61 male-to-female transsexuals, all biological males. A 70-item questionnaire was used, along with other structured questions concerning preferred and usual sex partners. Five factors were identified and interpreted: Transgender Identity, Role, Sexual Arousal, Androallure, and Pleasure. These factors represent the most salient dimensions of transgenderism. All five-factor Means for transvestites and transsexuals differ.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence presents autogynephilia as both a paraphilia and an orientation that can help explain some male-to-female gender dysphoria, midlife transition, movement from transvestism toward transsexualism, and later interest in male partners. The article uses prior research and clinical vignettes rather than a new empirical sample. It argues that hormone therapy and surgery may be appropriate and that recognizing a sexual component is compatible with genuine transsexualism, not grounds for dismissal.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Blanchard traces descriptions of erotic self-feminization from Hirschfeld, Ellis, and later clinicians to his introduction of the term autogynephilia. He argues that 'transvestism' obscured fantasies and behaviors in which clothing was secondary or absent, creating a conceptual gap. The article connects the new term to earlier taxonomic research suggesting similarities among nonhomosexual transsexual groups and transvestites. It is intellectual history and conceptual argument, not a new experiment.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bibliographic record verified in Zotero collection CM3C379Y; a source-grounded findings summary is still pending specialist review.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

The increasing prevalence of male-to-female (MtF) transsexualism in Western countries is largely due to the growing number of MtF transsexuals who have a history of sexual arousal with cross-dressing or cross-gender fantasy. Ray Blanchard proposed that these transsexuals have a paraphilia he called autogynephilia, which is the propensity to be sexually aroused by the thought or image of oneself as female.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Dreger reconstructs the controversy surrounding J. Michael Bailey's The Man Who Would Be Queen using published and unpublished sources and original interviews. The article traces the backlash, explains the book's treatment of Blanchard's account of male-to-female transsexualism, and investigates allegations that Bailey acted unethically, immorally, or illegally. It is a historical and ethical case study, not an empirical test of autogynephilia.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

A nonclinical questionnaire sample of 234 male-to-female transsexual participants and 127 natal women compared 15 aspects of sexuality. Transsexual participants scored higher on core autogynephilia and importance of partner attractiveness. Those classified as autogynephilic also scored higher on several erotic-interest measures than comparison groups. Autogynephilia correlated with attraction to women, but classified participants also reported more attraction to men than predicted, providing both supportive and contrary findings for Blanchard's theory.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence challenges Moser's report of autogynephilia-like arousal in 27 of 29 female hospital employees. She argues that Moser's scale did not adequately isolate sexual arousal simply to the thought of being female and included items unlike Blanchard's measures. Her conclusion is that the study may have captured something superficially similar, but did not establish genuine autogynephilic arousal in women.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Transvestic fetishism and the nonhomosexual type of male-to-female (MTF) transsexualism are closely-related entities, but the former is usually considered a paraphilic phenomenon, whereas the latter is not. I argue that it is useful for therapists to think about both entities, and the clinical spectrum to which they belong, as paraphilic phenomena.

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This article is framed as a further assessment of Blanchard's distinction between homosexual and non-homosexual or autogynephilic gender dysphoria. The Zotero record supplies bibliographic metadata and topic terms but no substantive abstract, note, or indexed full text. Its sample, methods, results, and conclusions therefore could not be verified from the permitted corpus and should not be inferred from the title alone.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence comments on Nuttbrock et al.'s test of Blanchard's typology. She argues that studying a largely nontranssexual population and only transvestic fetishism limited the test, while several findings nevertheless aligned with the typology. She also contends that age, ethnicity, and sexual orientation were intercorrelated, so their regression results did not independently invalidate the sexual-orientation-based account.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Autogynephilia is a paraphilic model that states that all male-to-female (MtF) transsexuals who are not exclusively attracted toward men are instead sexually oriented toward the thought or image of themselves as a woman. The assertion that transsexual women are sexually motivated in their transitions challenges the standard model of transsexualism-that is, that transsexuals have a gender identity that is distinct from their sexual orientation and incongruent with their physical sex.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bibliographic record verified in Zotero collection CM3C379Y; a source-grounded findings summary is still pending specialist review.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Autogynephilia is defined as a male's propensity to be sexually aroused by the thought of himself as a female. It is the paraphilia that is theorized to underlie transvestism and some forms of male-to-female (MtF) transsexualism. Autogynephilia encompasses sexual arousal with cross-dressing and cross-gender expression that does not involve women's clothing per se. The concept of autogynephilia defines a typology of MtF transsexualism and offers a theory of motivation for one type of MtF transsexualism.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence replies to Nuttbrock and colleagues about predictors of transvestic fetishism among male-to-female transgender participants. She argues that age and White ethnicity had little independent explanatory value beyond gynephilia, that the reported change in adjusted variance was small, and that this pattern further supported Blanchard's typology. This is a contested methodological interpretation rather than a new primary study.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Twoindependentempiricalarticleshaverecentlyappearedintheliterature that, taken together , bear out an hypothesis Blanchard(2008) postulated in the Archives about brain development intranssexualism:[T]he brains of both homosex ual and heterosexual male-to-female transsexuals probably differ from the brains oftypicalheterosexualmen,butindifferentways.Inhomo-sexual male-to-female transsexuals, the difference doesinvolvesex-dimorphicstructures,andthenatureofthedif-ference is a shift in the female -typical direction. If there isany neuroanatomic intersexuality, it is in the homosexualgroup.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bibliographic record verified in Zotero collection CM3C379Y; a source-grounded findings summary is still pending specialist review.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Drawing on transsexual informants, Lawrence describes autogynephilia as resembling, coexisting with, and sometimes competing with heterosexual attraction to women. Informants reported that attraction to particular women could blend with wanting to resemble them, that cross-gender fantasies could be important during partnered sex, and that autogynephilia sometimes complicated intimacy or relationships. These are qualitative narrative observations, not population estimates.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence places 249 narratives from autogynephilic transsexual informants in clinical and social perspective. She reports broad consistency with Blanchard's observations alongside disagreement about meaning, emphasizes shame and the possible value of role models, peer support, and first-person accounts, and argues that an autogynephilic life can be satisfying. The chapter is interpretive and based on self-selected narratives rather than representative sampling.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

This chapter presents transsexual informants' reactions to first learning about autogynephilia. Many described recognition, relief, greater self-understanding, or reassurance that others shared their experiences; some instead reported distress, sadness, or shame. Several had concealed erotic feelings from therapists or peers. Informants differed on whether autogynephilia motivated their wish to transition, making the chapter a record of heterogeneous first-person interpretations.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence summarizes contrasting views among transsexual informants about what autogynephilia means. Some regarded it as a paraphilic cause of gender dysphoria and transition wishes; others saw it as a symptom, epiphenomenon, expression of female identity, or normal female sexuality. The chapter preserves these disagreements while Lawrence argues for causal significance. It is qualitative interpretation, not a decisive causal test.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence organizes informants' accounts into four described manifestations: transvestic, anatomic, physiologic, and behavioral autogynephilia. Narratives included arousal linked to clothing, female anatomy, pregnancy or other female physiological functions, and female-typical activities; some also described comfort or relaxation. The material illustrates variety and overlap in self-reported experiences but does not estimate population prevalence.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

This introductory chapter outlines Blanchard's distinction between androphilic and non-androphilic male-to-female transsexual groups and introduces autogynephilia as sexual arousal to the thought or image of oneself as female. It explains the book's use of narratives from 249 transsexual informants and reviews the research history and clinical manifestations that motivated the collection. The chapter is conceptual and introductory rather than a new experiment.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence describes how she solicited approximately 470 submissions between 1998 and 2011, yielding apparently valid material from 249 transsexual and 52 nontranssexual autogynephilic informants. She explains classification, exclusion of probable fabrications, editing for anonymity and clarity, and thematic analysis, then presents extended examples. The chapter documents lived experience while acknowledging self-selection and other validity limitations.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Narratives from nontranssexual autogynephiles resembled transsexual accounts but less often described severe gender dysphoria, anatomic autogynephilia, or full-time female living. Informants reported varied onset, fantasies, relationship to heterosexual attraction, partial embodiment wishes, and attempts to manage their feelings. These qualitative differences come from self-selected narratives and should not be treated as population frequencies.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bibliographic record verified in Zotero collection CM3C379Y; a source-grounded findings summary is still pending specialist review.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bibliographic record verified in Zotero collection CM3C379Y; a source-grounded findings summary is still pending specialist review.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

ABSTRACT Ray Blanchard presented a theory of male-to-female (MtF) transsexualism based on a typology, classifying MtF transsexuals as autogynephilic or homosexual. This theory has produced much debate, and many transsexuals have disagreed with it. In this research, comments about Blanchard's theory were collected through an anonymous questionnaire from a convenience sample of 170 mostly White/European Internet-using MtF transsexuals. Positive responses to the theory were given by 15.9% of participants, 31.9% gave neutral responses, and 52.2% gave negative responses.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

This study provided a descriptive and quantitative comparative analysis of data from an assessment protocol for adolescents referred clinically for gender identity disorder (n = 192; 105 boys, 87 girls) or transvestic fetishism (n = 137, all boys). The protocol included information on demographics, behavior problems, and psychosexual measures. Gender identity disorder and transvestic fetishism youth had high rates of general behavior problems and poor peer relations.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

In this chapter, transsexual informants discussed several additional aspects of autogynephilic sexuality. Many reported that autogynephilic fantasies were obligatory for achieving orgasm. Some observed that autogynephilic arousal was at times unwanted, unpleasant, or distressing. Others reported that their autogynephilic desires and associated gender dysphoria would briefly disappear immediately following orgasm, only to be replaced by feelings of disgust or remorse. Partly for this reason, informants sometimes tried to prolong autogynephilic arousal by avoiding or delaying orgasm.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence argues that Veale's 2014 taxometric critique did not validly test Blanchard's typology because several indicators were unrelated to its defining variables, core autogynephilia and sexual orientation, and because the proposed androphilic subgroup was too small for reliable detection. She also reanalyzes some data. This is a methodological counterargument within an ongoing debate, not independent confirmation of the typology.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Veale applied taxometric methods to four sexuality-related scales in an online sample of 308 male-to-female transsexual participants. Non-androphilic participants scored higher on core autogynephilia, but three taxometric procedures generally favored a dimensional rather than two-taxon structure. Veale concluded that the data offered little support for a categorical typology, while noting the need for replication with a more representative sample.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Hsu, Rosenthal, and Bailey factor-analyzed 22 items covering five proposed manifestations of autogynephilia in 149 autogynephilic men. Five group factors could be distinguished, but a strong general factor explained much more variance. Derived scales showed good internal consistency and large differences from heterosexual male controls; some subtypes related differently to gender dysphoria. The authors characterize the analyses as exploratory and call for replication.

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Veale critiques the language and interpretation in Hsu, Rosenthal, and Bailey's psychometric study. She argues that reporting should respect participants' gender identities and that some results complicate stronger versions of Blanchard's theory, including a requested analysis that did not replicate a reported relation between anatomic fantasy and gender dysphoria. This is a letter reinterpreting the original dataset, not a new independent sample.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

BACKGROUND: Gynandromorphophilia (GAMP) is sexual interest in gynandromorphs (GAMs; colloquially, shemales). GAMs possess a combination of male and female physical characteristics. Thus, GAMP presents a challenge to conventional understandings of sexual orientation as sexual attraction to the male v. female form. Speculation about GAMP men has included the ideas that they are homosexual, heterosexual, or especially, bisexual. METHOD: We compared genital and subjective sexual arousal patterns of GAMP men with those of heterosexual and homosexual men.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Hsu and colleagues compared genital and subjective arousal to videos featuring men, women, and gynandromorphs across autogynephilic male cross-dressers, gynandromorphophilic men, heterosexual men, and homosexual men. Autogynephilic participants' patterns were much closer to heterosexual and gynandromorphophilic men than homosexual men; relative arousal to gynandromorph stimuli was elevated compared with heterosexual controls. The stimuli did not directly measure inwardly focused autogynephilic arousal.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Gynandromorphophilia (GAMP) is attraction to gynandromorphs (GAMs), who are natal males with both breasts and a penis, colloquially known as "she-males." Men with GAMP (n = 314) and heterosexual men not attracted to GAMs (n = 211) completed an Internet survey regarding their sexual attraction patterns, relationship history, and potential correlates of GAMP.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Abstract. Sexual scientists have recognized for over a century that biologic males who seek sex reassignment - male-to-female (MtF) transsexuals - are not a homogeneous clinical population but comprise two or more distinct subtypes with different symptoms and developmental trajectories. The most widely used typologies of MtF transsexualism have been based on sexual orientation and have distinguished between persons who are androphilic (exclusively sexually attracted to males) and those who are nonandrophilic (sexually attracted to females, both males...

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Brown, Barker, and Rahman surveyed 736 males and 549 females online about four proposed erotic target identity inversions and psychological correlates. Mild self-reported arousal to being the preferred target was common; gender identity discomfort related to several forms, while autism scores related to autoandrophilia and autonepiophilia, not autogynephilia. Cross-sectional self-report and Internet recruitment prevent causal or population-prevalence conclusions.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

BACKGROUND: One of the most prominent etiological theories of gender incongruence in trans women proposes a paraphilic erotic target location error (ie, autogynephilia) as a causal factor in gynephilic (ie, exclusively gynephilic and bisexual) trans women. We hypothesized that a paraphilic erotic target location should manifest itself in various aspects of sexual behavior, solitary and dyadic sexual desire, and psychosexual experience.

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It is generally accepted within psychology and among trans health providers that transgender people who transition do so because they have a gender identity that is incongruent with their birth-assigned sex, and distinct from their sexual orientation. In contradiction to this standard model, the theory of autogynephilia posits that transgender women's female gender identities and transitions are merely a by-product of their sexual orientations.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bailey and Hsu compared four autogynephilic male samples, four male control samples, and two female samples, totaling 3,388 participants, using the Core Autogynephilia Scale. Autogynephilic male groups scored much higher than both comparison groups, while male controls and females were similar. The authors conclude that their measure does not support the claim that autogynephilia is common among females; sampling and measurement debates are addressed in published responses.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence introduces autogynephilia as an autogynephilic sexual orientation that may coexist with attraction to women and, for some males, contribute to gender dysphoria and transition wishes. She describes a developmental pattern involving cross-dressing or female-embodiment fantasy and contrasts the theory with earlier gender-identity explanations. This is an explanatory website essay drawing on prior literature and clinical observation, not a new empirical study.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bailey replies to Moser and to Serano and Veale, restating that his study with Hsu found autogynephilic male samples scored far above male controls and female samples on the Core Autogynephilia Scale. He defends the broader theory and argues that critics did not directly undermine this comparison. This is a polemical response and literature interpretation, not additional data beyond the original study.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bailey, Hsu, and Jang surveyed men attracted to amputees, animals, or severely obese people. Substantial minorities reported corresponding internalized attractions and wishes or identities related to becoming their erotic target; corrected correlations between internalized attraction and target-identity inversion were near 1.0. Autogynephilia also correlated with each specific internalized attraction. The Internet samples test ETII predictions but do not by themselves establish causation.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Ib the research on autogynephilia-the tendency of some men to respond with sexual arousal to the thought of being a woman-is an aspect that has been poorly studied; it is the role autogynephiles play in sexual acts (sex-partner roles; SPR). The pilot survey, using a specially designed SPR scale, shows a very strong correlation between the occurrence of autogynephilia and the tendency to fullfill passive SPR and the propensity to submissiveness in sexual relations, suggesting that these are...

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Adult baby/diaper lovers (AB/DLs) enjoy role-playing as babies and/or wearing diapers. They also engage in other related activities, such as urinating or defecating themselves and having an adult care for them. Previous surveys have revealed that AB/DLs commonly report sexual motivation, a finding that is corroborated by case reports in the psychiatric literature and some media interviews.

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Bibliographic record verified in Zotero collection CM3C379Y; a source-grounded findings summary is still pending specialist review.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Abstract Autogynephilic Persuasive Pornography (AGPP) is a type of pornography that is characterised by its unique autogynephilic and persuasive traits. Autogynephilia refers to the sexual pleasure one derives by imagining themselves as women. Known in the subculture as Sissy Hypno , this type of pornography is an altered mishmash of conventional licensed studio/mainstream pornography found on the internet, designed to interact with/persuade the user (by text or audio) and aid in the process of erotic self-feminisation.

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Lawrence critiques Helen Joyce's hostile characterization of autogynephilic people and argues that condemning or excluding people because of unobservable sexual thoughts effectively treats autogynephilia as a thought crime. She distinguishes private fantasy from conduct and calls attention to stigma within gender-critical discourse. This is public ethical and political commentary grounded in quoted material, not empirical research about prevalence or behavior.

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Lawrence reviews the concept's status 35 years after Blanchard named it, distinguishing acknowledgment of the underlying phenomenon from disputes about terminology, typology, cause, and transition. She emphasizes historical descriptions, self-identified autogynephilic people, and renewed public discussion while defending the concept against claims that it has been debunked. This is a literature-informed anniversary essay, not new empirical research.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bibliographic record verified in Zotero collection CM3C379Y; a source-grounded findings summary is still pending specialist review.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Lawrence argues from her perspective as an autogynephilic transsexual that transsexual feminism should support women's safety and well-being, acknowledge biological sex differences, and approach claims to womanhood with humility. She discusses contested social and youth-treatment questions through this framework. The essay is first-person normative and political argument, not empirical research, and should be presented as Lawrence's viewpoint rather than consensus.

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Although some bisexual men experience conventional sexual attraction to both males and females, others have less obvious sexual interests underlying their bisexual identity, attraction, or behavior (i.e., bisexual phenomena). Accordingly, it has been proposed that some men's bisexual phenomena are motivated by autogynephilia, a male's propensity to be sexually aroused by the thought or image of being a woman.

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Hsu, Morandini, and Rudd compared 519 male cross-dressers, 288 transfeminine participants, 293 cisgender men, and 301 cisgender women across ten sexuality domains. Cross-dressers reported higher autogynephilia and several other sexual measures than transfeminine participants, but differences between those two groups were generally smaller than differences from controls. The authors conclude that autogynephilia is relevant to both groups but expressed differently.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Bibliographic record verified in Zotero collection CM3C379Y; a source-grounded findings summary is still pending specialist review.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.

Few studies have compared the mental health, relationships, and gender dysphoria of male cross-dressers and transfeminine individuals. This research is important because evidence suggests that these two groups overlap and experience increased life challenges. In the present study, we examined differences in measures of mental health, relationships, and gender dysphoria between 519 male cross-dressers and 288 transfeminine individuals recruited online.

Historical terms and group findings are presented in context; this record must not be used to diagnose or characterise an individual.